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Can the Confidence and Decisions of System 1 Models Be Trusted?

Open, deterministic audit benchmark for System 1 decision models, covering calibration under label-preserving perturbations, cross-question interference, and post-hoc attribution faithfulness across five open-weight models and generative baselines.
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Article
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2 min
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Added
Nov 2026

Highlights

  • Evaluates five open-weight models from 0.8B to 27B against logprob and structured JSON/CoT System 2 baselines.
  • Reports provider confidence as a closed-form dispersion transform rather than empirical accuracy.
  • Bundling questions in one request caused 11.7% to 22.4% binary flips on Tev1-0.8B, versus 0.1% to 0.2% on Tev1-4B.
  • Models at 4B or larger reached ECE_w of 0.030 to 0.087 under syntactic shifts, versus 0.144 logprob and 0.378 JSON.
  • S1-SHAP with a logit link recovered 89.3% to 100.0% of disjunctive OR gates, versus 57.1% to 82.1% in probability space.

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